Government Procurement Fraud Defense

Defense against federal government contract fraud, bid rigging, kickback and false claims
charges in Arizona.

Myles A. Schneider

30+ Years Federal Defense

Facing Government Procurement Fraud Charges? We Can Help.

The government is saying you defrauded them on a federal contract and now criminal investigators are involved. Procurement fraud cases often start as civil investigations and escalate to criminal charges. If you held a government contract and the feds believe you misrepresented your qualifications, overbilled for services or failed to deliver what you promised you could be facing both civil penalties and criminal prosecution.

I’ve defended government contractors facing fraud allegations from the initial investigation through trial. I know how to work with the contracting officer and the U.S. Attorney’s office simultaneously to protect your interests on both fronts.

Federal Statute Details: The Legal Framework

Federal prosecutors have a vast arsenal of statutes to charge procurement fraud, bid rigging, and kickbacks. The specific charges depend on the nature of the alleged conduct.

The Major Fraud Act of 1988 targets large-scale fraud involving federal contracts, grants, loans, subsidies or procurement agreements.

Elements the Government Must Prove: To secure a conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 1031, the government must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant:

Knowingly executed, or attempted to execute, a scheme or artifice to defraud the United States; or

Obtained money or property by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations or promises;

In any grant, contract, subcontract, subsidy, loan, guarantee, insurance or other form of federal assistance;

Where the value of the contract, subcontract or any constituent part thereof is $1,000,000 or more. [1]

Penalties: Violations carry up to 10 years in federal prison and fines up to $1,000,000 per count, or up to $5,000,000 if the offense involves a conscious or reckless risk of serious personal injury. [1]
 

Federal Sentencing Guidelines and Mandatory Minimums

Sentencing in federal court is heavily influenced by the United States Sentencing Guidelines (USSG). While the guidelines are advisory, judges must calculate them correctly and consider them when imposing a sentence.

For fraud offenses, including procurement fraud and kickbacks, USSG §2B1.1 applies. The base offense level is typically 6 (or 7 if the statutory maximum is 20 years or more). [4]

The most significant driver of the sentence is the **loss amount** (USSG §2B1.1(b)(1)). The guidelines increase the offense level based on the intended or actual loss to the government, whichever is greater. For example:

Loss more than $6,500: +2 levels

Loss more than $40,000: +6 levels

Loss more than $250,000: +12 levels

Loss more than $1,500,000: +16 levels

Loss more than $9,500,000: +20 levels [4]

 

DOJ Enforcement Trends: The Procurement Collusion Strike Force

The Department of Justice has made combating procurement fraud a top priority. In 2019, the DOJ launched the **Procurement Collusion Strike Force (PCSF)**, a coordinated national response to combat antitrust crimes and related schemes in government procurement, grant and program funding. [5]

Key PCSF Initiatives and Trends:
Data Analytics: The PCSF uses advanced data analytics to identify suspicious bidding patterns, pricing anomalies, and other red flags of collusion in government procurement data. [5]
Interagency Collaboration: The PCSF brings together the Antitrust Division, U.S. Attorneys’ Offices, the FBI, and various agency Inspectors General (e.g., DoD OIG, GSA OIG). [5]
Focus on Infrastructure and Defense: With massive federal spending on infrastructure and defense, the DOJ is heavily scrutinizing contracts in these sectors.
PCSF: Global: The strike force also targets misconduct impacting U.S. taxpayer dollars spent overseas. [5]

Since its inception, the PCSF has trained over 47,000 agents and procurement officials, opened over 200 investigations, and secured over 85 guilty pleas and trial convictions, resulting in over $70 million in fines and restitution. [5]

 

District of Arizona Specifics

The District of Arizona, with courthouses in Phoenix and Tucson, is a highly active jurisdiction for federal prosecutions. The state’s significant military presence (e.g., Davis-Monthan AFB, Luke AFB, Fort Huachuca) and numerous federal agencies make it a prime location for procurement fraud investigations.

Local Priorities and Dynamics:
Defense Contracting: Given the military bases in Arizona, fraud involving Department of Defense (DoD) contracts is a major focus for the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of Arizona.
Border Security and Infrastructure: Contracts related to border security, immigration enforcement, and infrastructure projects are also heavily scrutinized.
Aggressive Prosecution: The U.S. Attorney’s Office in Arizona is known for aggressively pursuing white-collar crimes, often utilizing wiretaps, cooperating witnesses, and extensive financial analysis.
Notable Arizona Cases: Recent cases in Arizona highlight the DOJ’s focus. For example, individuals have been indicted for defrauding the Department of War out of millions of dollars, and contractors have faced charges for receiving illegal kickbacks while working on overseas projects. [6] [7]
 

The Investigation Process

Federal procurement fraud investigations are typically complex, lengthy and resource-intensive. They are often conducted jointly by multiple agencies, such as the FBI, IRS Criminal Investigation (IRS-CI), and the Inspector General’s office of the affected agency (e.g., DoD OIG).

Triggers for an Investigation:
Whistleblowers: Many investigations begin with a *qui tam* lawsuit filed under the False Claims Act by a whistleblower (often an employee or competitor).
Audits and Data Analytics: Routine audits by agency OIGs or anomalies detected by the PCSF’s data analytics programs can trigger an inquiry.
Competitor Complaints: Unsuccessful bidders who suspect foul play may report their concerns to authorities.
Investigative Techniques:
Grand Jury Subpoenas: The government will issue broad subpoenas for corporate records, emails, financial documents, and bidding histories.
Search Warrants: Agents may execute unannounced search warrants at business premises and the homes of executives to seize computers and documents.
 

Common Fact Patterns

Procurement fraud and bid rigging can take many forms. Common scenarios include:

Bid Suppression: Competitors agree that one or more of them will not submit a bid, or will withdraw a previously submitted bid, so that a designated competitor will win.
Complementary Bidding (Cover Bidding): Competitors submit token bids that are intentionally too high or fail to meet the contract requirements, giving the appearance of genuine competition while ensuring a specific company wins.
Bid Rotation: Competitors take turns being the winning bidder on a series of contracts.
Subcontracting Arrangements: Competitors agree not to bid against each other in exchange for lucrative subcontracts from the winning bidder.
Product Substitution: A contractor provides inferior or non-conforming goods but bills the government for the higher-quality items specified in the contract.
Cross-Charging: A contractor shifts costs from a fixed-price contract (where the contractor bears the risk of cost overruns) to a cost-reimbursable contract (where the government pays the costs).
Kickbacks: A subcontractor pays a prime contractor’s purchasing agent a percentage of the subcontract value to secure the work.
 

Defense Strategies

Defending against federal procurement fraud charges requires a proactive and aggressive strategy. Experienced federal defense attorneys employ various tactics depending on the facts of the case.

Pre-Indictment Advocacy: The best defense is often preventing charges from being filed in the first place. This involves engaging with prosecutors early, presenting exculpatory evidence, and arguing that the conduct does not meet the elements of a crime or that a civil resolution is more appropriate.
Lack of Intent (Good Faith Defense): Fraud requires specific intent to deceive. A strong defense often centers on demonstrating that the defendant acted in good faith, perhaps relying on the advice of counsel, misinterpreting complex contract regulations (like the Federal Acquisition Regulation – FAR), or making an honest mistake rather than intentionally defrauding the government.
Challenging the Loss Amount: Because the loss amount drives the sentencing guidelines, vigorously contesting the government’s calculation is critical. The defense may argue that the government suffered no actual loss, or that the loss should be offset by the value of the goods or services actually provided.
Statute of Limitations: The general statute of limitations for federal crimes is five years (18 U.S.C. § 3282). However, the Wartime Suspension of Limitations Act (WSLA) can suspend the statute of limitations for fraud offenses during times of war or authorized use of military force. Challenging the application of the WSLA or arguing that the conduct occurred outside the limitations period can be a viable defense.
Challenging the Evidence: Filing motions to suppress evidence obtained through illegal searches or wiretaps, or challenging the credibility of cooperating witnesses (who often have strong incentives to lie to reduce their own sentences).
 

Consequences Beyond Prison

A federal conviction for procurement fraud carries devastating collateral consequences that extend far beyond prison time and fines.

Debarment and Suspension: The most immediate threat to a business is suspension or debarment from federal contracting. A conviction (or even an indictment) can result in the company and its executives being banned from doing business with the federal government, which can be a death sentence for a government contractor. [8]
Asset Forfeiture: The government will seek to forfeit any assets derived from the proceeds of the fraud, including bank accounts, real estate, and vehicles.
Loss of Professional Licenses: Professionals (lawyers, CPAs, engineers) may lose their licenses to practice.
Immigration Consequences: Non-citizens convicted of fraud offenses may face deportation, denial of naturalization, or inadmissibility.
Supervised Release: Following a prison sentence, defendants face years of supervised release, with strict conditions that limit travel, employment and financial activities.

A: Not necessarily, but it is a serious warning sign. A subpoena means the government is investigating potential criminal activity. You may be a target, a subject, or merely a witness. It is critical to hire a federal defense attorney immediately to communicate with prosecutors, determine your status, and manage the document production process to avoid obstruction charges.

 
 

A: Yes. Bid rigging is a *per se* violation of the Sherman Act, meaning the agreement itself is illegal, regardless of whether it was successful or whether your company won the bid. The crime is the conspiracy to eliminate competition.

 
 

A: A civil False Claims Act (FCA) case involves liability for submitting false claims for payment to the government, resulting in treble damages and civil penalties. A criminal case involves the DOJ seeking prison time and criminal fines. Often, the DOJ pursues parallel civil and criminal investigations for the same conduct.

 

A: Yes. Under the doctrine of *respondeat superior*, a corporation can be held criminally liable for the illegal acts of its employees if those acts were committed within the scope of their employment and intended, at least in part, to benefit the corporation.

 

A: These investigations are notoriously slow and can last anywhere from one to five years, or even longer. The complexity of the contracts, the volume of documents, and the involvement of multiple agencies contribute to the lengthy timeline.

 

A: While difficult, it is possible. Avoiding prison depends heavily on the calculated loss amount under the sentencing guidelines, the defendant’s criminal history, their role in the offense, and the presentation of compelling mitigating factors to the judge during sentencing.

 
 

A: You should politely decline to answer any questions and state that you want to speak with an attorney. Do not lie to the agents, as that is a separate federal crime (18 U.S.C. § 1001). Contact a federal criminal defense lawyer immediately. — *Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. If you are facing federal charges or an investigation, consult with an experienced federal criminal defense attorney immediately.*

 

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Facing federal charges? Call now for a free, confidential consultation with an experienced federal defense attorney who has handled these cases for over 30 years.

Available 24/7 — Nights & Weekends

Myles A. Schneider

30+ Years Federal Defense Experience

U.S. Army Veteran (82nd Airborne)

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